全程干货（java怎么发送短信）怎么发送java源程序，java 程序中如何发送 http 请求？，java 程序中如何发送 http 请求？，
程序员日常工作中，发送http请求特别常见。以Java为例总结发送http请求的多种方式。
HttpURLConnection
使用JDK原生提供的net，无需其他jar包，代码如下：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.URL;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;public class HttpTest1 {public static void main(String[] args) {HttpURLConnection con = null;BufferedReader buffer = null;StringBuffer resultBuffer = null;try {URL url = new URL("http://10.30.10.151:8012/gateway.do");//得到连接对象 con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();//设置请求类型 con.setRequestMethod("POST");//设置Content-Type，此处根据实际情况确定 con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");//允许写出 con.setDoOutput(true);//允许读入 con.setDoInput(true);//不使用缓存 con.setUseCaches(false);OutputStream os = con.getOutputStream();Map paraMap = new HashMap();paraMap.put("type", "wx");paraMap.put("mchid", "10101");//组装入参 os.write(("consumerAppId=test&serviceName=queryMerchantService¶ms=" + JSON.toJSONString(paraMap)).getBytes());//得到响应码 int responseCode = con.getResponseCode();if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {//得到响应流 InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();//将响应流转换成字符串 resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();String line;buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "GBK"));while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {resultBuffer.append(line);}System.out.println("result:" + resultBuffer.toString());}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}
HttpClient
需要用到commons-httpclient-3.1.jar，maven依赖如下：
<dependency><groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId><artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId><version>3.1</version></dependency>
代码如下：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;public class HttpTest2 {public static void main(String[] args) {HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod("http://10.30.10.151:8012/gateway.do");postMethod.addRequestHeader("accept", "*/*");//设置Content-Type，此处根据实际情况确定 postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");//必须设置下面这个Header //添加请求参数 Map paraMap = new HashMap();paraMap.put("type", "wx");paraMap.put("mchid", "10101");postMethod.addParameter("consumerAppId", "test");postMethod.addParameter("serviceName", "queryMerchantService");postMethod.addParameter("params", JSON.toJSONString(paraMap));String result = "";try {int code = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);if (code == 200){result = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();System.out.println("result:" + result);}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}
CloseableHttpClient
需要用到httpclient-4.5.6.jar，maven依赖如下：
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId><artifactId>httpclient</artifactId><version>4.5.6</version></dependency>
代码如下：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import org.apache.http.Consts;import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;public class HttpTest3 {public static void main(String[] args) {int timeout = 120000;CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();RequestConfig defaultRequestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeout).setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeout).setSocketTimeout(timeout).build();HttpPost httpPost = null;List<NameValuePair> nvps = null;CloseableHttpResponse responses = null;// 命名冲突，换一个名字，response HttpEntity resEntity = null;String result;try {httpPost = new HttpPost("http://10.30.10.151:8012/gateway.do");httpPost.setConfig(defaultRequestConfig);Map paraMap = new HashMap();paraMap.put("type", "wx");paraMap.put("mchid", "10101");nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("consumerAppId", "test"));nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("serviceName", "queryMerchantService"));nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("params", JSON.toJSONString(paraMap)));httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, Consts.UTF_8));responses = httpClient.execute(httpPost);resEntity = responses.getEntity();result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, Consts.UTF_8);EntityUtils.consume(resEntity);System.out.println("result:" + result);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {responses.close();httpClient.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}
RestTemplate
RestTemplate 是由Spring提供的一个HTTP请求工具。比传统的Apache和HttpCLient便捷许多，能够大大提高客户端的编写效率。代码如下：
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;import org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;@Configurationpublic class RestTemplateConfig {@Beanpublic RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory factory){return new RestTemplate(factory);}@Beanpublic ClientHttpRequestFactory simpleClientHttpRequestFactory(){SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();factory.setConnectTimeout(15000);factory.setReadTimeout(5000);return factory;}}@AutowiredRestTemplate restTemplate;@Testpublic void postTest() throws Exception {MultiValueMap<String, String> requestEntity = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();Map paraMap = new HashMap();paraMap.put("type", "wx");paraMap.put("mchid", "10101");requestEntity.add("consumerAppId", "test");requestEntity.add("serviceName", "queryMerchant");requestEntity.add("params", JSON.toJSONString(paraMap));RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();System.out.println(restTemplate.postForObject("http://10.30.10.151:8012/gateway.do", requestEntity, String.class));}
okhttp
需要用到okhttp-3.10.0.jar，maven依赖如下：
<dependency><groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId><artifactId>okhttp</artifactId><version>3.10.0</version></dependency>
代码如下：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import okhttp3.*;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;public class HttpTest4 {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {String url = "http://10.30.10.151:8012/gateway.do";OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();Map paraMap = new HashMap();paraMap.put("yybh", "1231231");RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder().addFormDataPart("consumerAppId", "tst").addFormDataPart("serviceName", "queryCipher").addFormDataPart("params", JSON.toJSONString(paraMap)).build();Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).post(requestBody).addHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded").build();Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();if (response.isSuccessful()) {System.out.println("result:" + response.body().string());} else {throw new IOException("Unexpected code " + response);}}}
Socket
使用JDK原生提供的net，无需其他jar包
代码如下：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;import java.net.Socket;import java.net.URLEncoder;import java.net.UnknownHostException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;public class HttpTest6 {private static String encoding = "utf-8";public static void main(String[] args) {try {Map paraMap = new HashMap();paraMap.put("yybh", "12312311");String data = URLEncoder.encode("consumerAppId", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode("test", "utf-8") + "&" +URLEncoder.encode("serviceName", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode("queryCipher", "utf-8")+ "&" +URLEncoder.encode("params", "utf-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode(JSON.toJSONString(paraMap), "utf-8");Socket s = new Socket("10.30.10.151", 8012);OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream());StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();sb.append("POST /gateway.do HTTP/1.1\r\n");sb.append("Host: 10.30.10.151:8012\r\n");sb.append("Content-Length: " + data.length() + "\r\n");sb.append("Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n");//注，这里很关键。这里一定要一个回车换行，表示消息头完，不然服务器会等待 sb.append("\r\n");osw.write(sb.toString());osw.write(data);osw.write("\r\n");osw.flush();//--输出服务器传回的消息的头信息 InputStream is = s.getInputStream();String line = null;int contentLength = 0;//服务器发送回来的消息长度 // 读取所有服务器发送过来的请求参数头部信息 do {line = readLine(is, 0);//如果有Content-Length消息头时取出 if (line.startsWith("Content-Length")) {contentLength = Integer.parseInt(line.split(":")[1].trim());}//打印请求部信息 System.out.print(line);//如果遇到了一个单独的回车换行，则表示请求头结束 } while (!line.equals("\r\n"));//--输消息的体 System.out.print(readLine(is, contentLength));//关闭流 is.close();} catch (UnknownHostException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/* * 这里我们自己模拟读取一行，因为如果使用API中的BufferedReader时，它是读取到一个回车换行后 * 才返回，否则如果没有读取，则一直阻塞，直接服务器超时自动关闭为止，如果此时还使用BufferedReader* 来读时，因为读到最后一行时，最后一行后不会有回车换行符，所以就会等待。如果使用服务器发送回来的 * 消息头里的Content-Length来截取消息体，这样就不会阻塞 * * contentLe 参数 如果为0时，表示读头，读时我们还是一行一行的返回；如果不为0，表示读消息体，* 时我们根据消息体的长度来读完消息体后，客户端自动关闭流，这样不用先到服务器超时来关闭。 */private static String readLine(InputStream is, int contentLe) throws IOException {ArrayList lineByteList = new ArrayList();byte readByte;int total = 0;if (contentLe != 0) {do {readByte = (byte) is.read();lineByteList.add(Byte.valueOf(readByte));total++;} while (total < contentLe);//消息体读还未读完 } else {do {readByte = (byte) is.read();lineByteList.add(Byte.valueOf(readByte));} while (readByte != 10);}byte[] tmpByteArr = new byte[lineByteList.size()];for (int i = 0; i < lineByteList.size(); i++) {tmpByteArr[i] = ((Byte) lineByteList.get(i)).byteValue();}lineByteList.clear();return new String(tmpByteArr, encoding);}}
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